Introduction

Some children’s symptoms may be caused or made worse by foods containing cow’s milk, soya and wheat. This diet sheet will help you to avoid all these foods. 

All milk, milk products, soya and wheat and manufactured foods containing these ingredients must be excluded from the diet.

Milk Substitutes

When milk is excluded from the diet, a substitute is needed to provide the nutrition that your child needs for healthy growth and development. Many milk substitutes are fortified with vitamins and minerals and may be nutritionally adequate.

There are also other substitute milks available in health food shops and supermarkets, which are not nutritionally adequate and should not be given to your child unless agreed with your dietitian.

Under One Year Old

You may continue to breast feed your baby. You may be advised to follow a milk free diet yourself if you are breastfeeding your child.  Following a dairy milk free diet whilst breastfeeding can reduce some of your child’s symptoms.  Using a soya and wheat-free diet may also reduce symptoms but discuss with your dietitian to ensure your diet remains healthy.

If you baby is drinking infant formula, it will need to be changed to a hypoallergenic formula. These are available on prescription from your GP.

The milk substitutes suitable for children over one can be used in family meals or maternal diet if needing to follow this.

Over One Year Old   

Soya Milk

This should be avoided.

The following milks are suitable substitutes; many brands are available. Alpro Oat growing up milk is one of the closest to cow’s milk in terms of nutrient profile. Koko Super 9 is also a close alternative, but there are always new brands and shops’ own brands being made available. Check labels to ensure they are fortified with calcium.

  • Oat Milk
  • Coconut Milk 
  • Nut milks e.g. Almond milk, Hazelnut milk, Cashew milk
  • Pea milk 
  • Hemp milk

Oat Milk e.g. Oatly, Oat Dream, shop’s own brand

This can be used instead of milk if your child is not also avoiding gluten. This is available from some supermarkets and health food stores. Choose the carton with added calcium.

Goats, Sheep and Buffalo Milk 

These milks should be excluded as their protein is similar to that of cow’s milk and may cause similar reactions.

Lactose-free Milk 

This product should be avoided.

Nut Milk 

For example, Ecomil, Rice Dream hazelnut-almond, Alpro almond and Alpro hazelnut these can be used unless there is also a concern about possible nut allergy.

A2 Milk

This should be avoided as it still contains cow’s milk.

Over the age of 4½ years rice milk can be used instead of milk. Most supermarkets and health food shops stock various brands.  If your child is also excluding gluten from their diet, avoid Rice Dream. If possible, buy a brand that has calcium added to it e.g. Provamel, Rice n Easy.

Manufactured Foods 

When you buy any tinned, packet or other processed foods, the list of ingredients should always be checked.  

Milk, soya and wheat are present in foods in many ways.  

Milk, wheat and soya derivatives are listed below and any foods containing these ingredients should be avoided: 

Milk

Whey powder

Casein

Milk solids

Buttermilk

Caseinates

Butter

Milk powder

Non-fat milk solids

Margarine

Shortening

Skimmed milk powder

Cream

Artificial cream

Hydrolysed whey protein

Lactose

Cheese

Whey syrup sweeteners

Yoghurt

Cheese powder

Hydrolysed whey sugar

 

Monosodium glutamate with lactose 

Wheat

 

Breadcrumbs

Wheat bran

Pasta

Wheat gluten

Wheat binder

Couscous

Wheat starch

Wheat germ

Semolina

Bulgur wheat

Wheat germ oil

Rusk

Wheat thickener

Bran

 

Wheat flour and bread, cakes and biscuits made with wheat flour

Soya

 

Soya margarine

Soya derived additives (E471, E472)

Soya bean

Lecithin (E322)*

Soya bean curd (tofu)

Soya milk

Soya flour

Hydrolysed vegetable protein

 

* Most lecithin comes from soya beans but if this is not stated on food packaging, the food should be avoided

Labelling

By law, any manufactured food containing milk or any of the common 14 allergens or derivatives must be highlighted on the ingredient list in bold, underlined or in italics.

Loose, Unwrapped and Unpackaged Foods

Any foods sold loose, or unwrapped or unpackaged foods may be at risk of cross contamination. Since December 2015 information about the ingredients should be available at the point of purchase. You may need to ask staff for information about ingredients.

May Contain Labels

Some food labels say, for example, ‘may contain milk’, ‘may contain soya’, or ‘may contain wheat’. This means that although milk, soya and wheat are not deliberately added to the food the manufacturers cannot guarantee that the product does not contain small amounts of them. If you have a milk, soya or wheat allergy these food products should be avoided.

Foods Allowed

Milk

Milk substitute:

  • Try and choose the carton that contains added calcium and vitamins. UHT and fresh versions may be available 

Milk Products

  • Non-dairy cream made with vegetable oil
  • Oat or coconut-based yoghurts/ custard/ cream

Eggs

  • Egg white, egg yolk - boiled poached and fried

Fats and Oils

  • Dairy free spread e.g. Pure sunflower spread, Vitalite or shops own brand
  • Kosher spread e.g. Tomor
  • Vegetable (not soya) or olive oil

Breakfast Cereals (using milk substitute)

  • Cornflakes and Rice Krispies, Coco Pops, porridge oats, Oatibix,
  • Oat So Simple, Natures Path, Doves Farm Orgran ’free from’ cereals. other cereals only if known to be milk, soya and wheat free.

Flours, Grains and Pasta

  • Rye, rice, barley, oats, sago, quinoa, corn flour, tapioca
  • Rice and corn pasta

Foods to Avoid

Milk

  • Cow’s milk – full fat, semi skimmed, skimmed, sterilised, UHT, milkshakes
  • Sheep, goat and buffalo milk
  • Dried milk, Coffee Mate and other coffee creamers
  • Evaporated and condensed milk

Milk Products

  • Fromage frais, yoghurt, soya yoghurts and desserts, yoghurt drinks, mousse, ice-cream, soya ice-cream, soya custard, Adez
  • Cream - double, single, whipping, clotted and artificial cream
  • Cheese, soya cheese, cheese spread, cottage cheese, curd cheese, cream cheese, vegetarian cheese

Eggs

  • Scotch egg, scrambled and omelettes, egg custard unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free.

Fats and Oils

  • Soya margarine and oil
  • Butter, ghee and any other margarine or low fat spread unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free.

Breakfast Cereals

  • Weetabix, Cheerios, Weetos and other chocolate flavoured cereals
  • Special K, muesli and other cereal unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free.

Flours, Grains and Pasta

  • Wheat, semolina, couscous, wheat flour and pasta
  • Soya flour, instant custard and dessert mixes unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Foods Allowed

Milk

Milk substitute:

  • Try and choose the carton that contains added calcium and vitamins. UHT and fresh versions may be available 

Milk Products

  • Non-dairy cream made with vegetable oil
  • Oat or coconut-based yoghurts/ custard/ cream

Eggs

  • Egg white, egg yolk - boiled poached and fried

Fats and Oils

  • Dairy free spread e.g. Pure sunflower spread, Vitalite or shops own brand
  • Kosher spread e.g. Tomor
  • Vegetable (not soya) or olive oil

Breakfast Cereals (using milk substitute)

  • Cornflakes and Rice Krispies, Coco Pops, porridge oats, Oatibix, Oat So Simple, Natures Path, Doves Farm Orgran ’free from’ cereals. other cereals only if known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Flours, Grains and Pasta

  • Rye, rice, barley, oats, sago, quinoa, corn flour, tapioca
  • Rice and corn pasta

Foods to Avoid

Milk

  • Cow’s milk – full fat, semi skimmed, skimmed, sterilised, UHT, milkshakes
  • Sheep, goat and buffalo milk
  • Dried milk, Coffee Mate and other coffee creamers
  • Evaporated and condensed milk

Milk Products

  • Fromage frais, yoghurt, soya yoghurts and desserts, yoghurt drinks, mousse, ice-cream, soya ice-cream, soya custard, Adez
  • Cream - double, single, whipping, clotted and artificial cream
  • Cheese, soya cheese, cheese spread, cottage cheese, curd cheese, cream cheese, vegetarian cheese

Eggs

  • Scotch egg, scrambled and omelettes, egg custard unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Fats and Oils

  • Soya margarine and oil
  • Butter, ghee and any other margarine or low fat spread unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Breakfast Cereals

  • Weetabix, Cheerios, Weetos and other chocolate flavoured cereals
  • Special K, muesli and other cereal unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Flours, Grains and Pasta

  • Wheat, semolina, couscous, wheat flour and pasta
  • Soya flour, instant custard and dessert mixes unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Foods Allowed

Breads

  • Special milk, soya and wheat free breads
  • Rice cakes, oat cakes, corn cakes, Ryvita (check ingredients)

Meats and Poultry

  • All fresh or frozen meat and poultry
  • Gravy, sauces and stews made without milk, soya or wheat
  • Processed and pre-packaged meat only if known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Fish and Fish Products

  • All fresh or frozen fish or shellfish and canned fish in brine or oil
  • Sauces and stews made with milk substitute and milk free spread
  • Processed and pre-packaged fish only if known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Vegetables

  • All fresh, frozen and dried vegetables and potato
  • Canned vegetables in brine
  • Mashed potato with milk substitute and milk free spread
  • Oven chips only if known to be milk, soya and wheat free
  • Potato crisps only if known to be milk, soya and wheat free
  • Lentils, beans and pulses

Biscuits and Cakes

  • Home-made biscuits and cakes made with milk, soya and wheat free ingredients
  • Supermarket ‘free from’ range

Beverages

  • Milk substitute
  • Tea, coffee, cocoa made up using milk substitute
  • Milkshake powder or syrups only if known to be milk, soya and wheat free
  • Mineral waters, fizzy drinks, squash, fruit juices

Foods to Avoid

Breads

  • All other breads, croissants, parantha, pitta, naan, chapatti, fruit loaf
  • Ryvita Breaks and Minis, crispbread and crackers unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Meats and Poultry

  • Any meats or poultry coated in breadcrumbs, batter or pastry
  • Any meat or poultry ‘made up’ in a sauce
  • Sausages and beefburgers unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Fish and Fish products

  • Canned fish in sauce, ‘made up’ fish dishes or fish in batter or breadcrumbs e.g. fish fingers unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Vegetables

  • Mashed potato with ordinary milk and butter
  • Canned vegetables in sauce
  • Potato salad, coleslaw
  • Potato waffles, croquette potatoes, flavoured potato crisps
  • Vegetables in batter or breadcrumbs unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Biscuits and Cakes

  • All other biscuits and cakes unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Beverages

  • Milk, milkshakes, Bournvita, Ovaltine, Horlicks
  • Drinking chocolate and other chocolate drinks

Foods Allowed

Fruit and Nuts

  • Fresh, frozen, dried fruit, canned fruit in juice or syrup
  • Plain, roasted or salted nuts (whole nuts should not be given to children under five due to the risk of choking)

Puddings and Desserts

  • Jelly, fruit – fresh or canned in juice or syrup
  • Milk puddings made with milk substitute using wheat free cereals e.g. rice, sago, tapioca; pies, crumbles and sponges made with milk, soya and wheat free ingredients
  • Shops own free from desserts if known to be milk, soya and wheat free
  • Bird’s original custard made with a suitable milk substitute
  • Sorbets and ice lollies only if known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Soups and Sauces

  • Home-made soups without milk, cream, pasta or wheat flour
  • Sauces made with milk substitute
  • Home-made gravy, Marmite, Bovril, Vegemite
  • Ketchup, salsa, tomato-based sauces only if known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Sugar and Confectionery

  • Sugar, glucose
  • Boiled sweets, lollies, pastilles and fruit gums only if known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Preserves and Spreads

  • Honey (not for under one year old), marmalade, syrup, jam and treacle
  • Peanut butter only if known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Miscellaneous

  • Wheat free baking powder, bicarbonate of soda, cream of tartar, yeast
  • Herbs, spices, salt, pepper, vinegar, essences, colourings, gelatine

Foods to Avoid

Fruit and Nuts

  • Fruit pie fillings only if known to be milk, soya and wheat free
  • Coated or dry roasted nuts unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Puddings and Desserts

  • Yoghurts, fromage frais, mousse and ice cream, Swedish glace iced desserts
  • Instant desserts, blancmange
  • Instant custard, semolina,
  • Pies, crumbles and sponges unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Soups and Sauces

  • Canned and packet soups
  • White, parsley, butter and cheese sauces
  • Gravy mixes, stock cubes and browning unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Sugar and Confectionery

  • Artificial sweeteners that contain lactose e.g. Canderel, Sweet n Low
  • Fudge, milk chocolate, toffee, Turkish Delight, fondant creams, liquorice, marshmallows and all other sweets and chocolates unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Preserves and Spreads

  • Lemon curd, chocolate spread, mincemeat
  • Sandwich spread, mayonnaise, salad cream, paste unless known to be milk, soya and wheat free

Miscellaneous

  • Medicines and tablets containing lactose, soya or wheat filler
  • Blended spices
  • Monosodium glutamate containing lactose, soya or wheat filler

Sample Meal Plan

Breakfast

  • Milk, soya and wheat free cereal with milk substitute
  • Milk, soya and wheat free bread toasted with milk free spread, jam, nut butter
  • Fruit 
  • Fruit juice or water

Mid-morning/Mid afternoon

  • Milk substitute, squash or water
  • Plain crisps, popcorn, milk, soya and wheat free cake or biscuit, fruit

Snack Meal

  • Sandwich with suitable bread and spread
  • Meat, fish, eggs, poultry, nut butter or vegetarian filling
  • Salad or vegetable sticks
  • Fresh fruit or canned fruit, jelly or pudding made without milk, soya or wheat or using milk, soya and wheat free substitutes

Main Meal

  • Meat, fish, poultry, egg or vegetarian alternative
  • Potato, rice, quinoa or wheat free pasta 
  • Vegetables or salad
  • Fresh fruit, canned fruit, jelly or pudding made without milk, soya or wheat or using milk, soya and wheat free substitutes

Before Bed

  • Milk substitute or cocoa made with milk substitute
  • Milk, soya and wheat free bread toasted with milk free spread and jam
  • Milk, soya and wheat free cereal with milk substitute

Baby Foods

Many commercial baby foods contain milk or milk products, soya or wheat. Remember to check the label. Company/supermarket websites will often list product ingredients.

School Dinners

It should be possible to arrange milk, soya and wheat free meals at school or nursery. Your dietitian will be able to provide information about the diet to make it easier for the school. Alternatively, your child can take a milk, soya and wheat free packed lunch.

Recipe for Milk Jelly

  1. Dissolve a packet of jelly in 250ml of hot water then allow to cool until semi set/at room temperature.
  2. Whisk in 250mls of milk substitute (e.g. oat milk or cream substitute).
  3. Put into fridge to set - serve with fresh or tinned fruit.

Baking Without Wheat

Recipes made with flour other than wheat flour are often very crumbly. Xanthan gum can be added to wheat free recipes, particularly bread to help make a better product.  

Try adding ½ teaspoon per 180g of special flour for cakes and one teaspoon per 180g of special flour for bread. This is available in supermarket ‘free from’ aisles and health food shops 

Eating Out

If you are eating out with your child, ask about ingredients before you go; if you are not sure do not give it to your child to eat.

Calcium Supplements

If your child refused to drink a suitable milk substitute or take enough with breakfast cereals and puddings, it may be necessary to start a calcium supplement. Your dietitian will recommend a suitable calcium supplement.

Other Sources of Calcium

Milk substitute with added calcium    
Oranges    
Baked beans    
Broccoli
Canned sardines with bones    
Tahini (sesame seed paste)

Ask for a list of suitable calcium rich foods from your dietitian.

Tablets and Medicines

Some medicines may contain milk, lactose, soya or wheat as a filler so, check with your doctor or pharmacist to ensure they are suitable.

Publications

Allergy Free Cookbook by Alice Sherwood, DK books  
ISBN 978 1 4053 1260 8 

Food Allergies: Enjoying Life with a Severe Food Allergy 2nd Edition    
Tanya Wright RD, Publisher: Class Publishing, London 
ISBN:  978 1 85959 146 8

How to Cook for Food Allergies by Lucinda Brune-Gardyne, 2007
Publisher: Rodale    
ISBN: 978-905744 04 6

Catalogue of Products

www.goodnessdirect.co.uk

Other Useful Websites
www.moofreechocolates.com
www.kinderton.com
www.nhs.uk/conditions/food-allergy

Supermarket Nutritional Services

They may be able to provide you with lists of their own brand foods which are milk, soya and wheat free.

Aldi Stores
www.aldi.co.uk
 
Asda
www.asda.com
 
Coop
www.coop.co.uk
 
Lidl
www.lidl.co.uk
 
Tesco
www.tesco.com
 
Marks & Spencer
www.marksandspencer.com
 
Morrison’s 
www.morrisons.co.uk
 
Sainsburys 
www.sainsburys.co.uk
 
Waitrose 
www.waitrose.com
 

Useful Addresses
 
Allergy UK                                                      
www.allergyuk.org
 
Alpro 
www.alpro.com/uk
 
The Anaphylaxis Campaign
https://www.anaphylaxis.org.uk/
 
Delamere Dairy Ltd,
info@delameredairy.co.uk
www.delameredairy.co.uk
 
General Dietary Ltd
info@generaldietary.com
www.generaldietary.com 

Glutafin
glutenfree@glutafin.co.uk
www.glutafin.co.uk 
 
Good Hemp
www.goodwebsite.co.uk
 
H J Heinz Co Ltd
www.heinz.co.uk
 
Oatly
c/o Wassen International Ltd
www.oatly.co.uk

Rice Dream
www.ricedream.co.uk
registration@haincelestial.co.uk
0845 602 1519
 

Nutrition Point Ltd

Station Court
442 Stockport Road
Warrington
Cheshire, WA4 2GW

0800 954 1981
info@dietaryspecials.co.uk
www.dietaryspecials.co.uk

Contact Information

Frimley Park Hospital: 0300 6134053
Wexham Park Hospital: 0300 6153232
Email: fhft.paediatricdietitiansfph@nhs.net
 

Contact us

If you have any queries relating to this information, please contact the Dietetics service.

About this information

Service:
Dietetics

Reference:
DT/116

Approval date:
1 June 2026

Review date:
1 June 2029

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This page provides general information only. It is developed by clinical staff and is reviewed regularly every 3 years for accuracy. For personal advice about your health, or if you have any concerns, please speak to your doctor.