What is Parkinson’s? 

Parkinson’s is a long-term neurological condition that affects the brain. It mainly impacts movement, but it can also affect mood, sleep, thinking and other body functions. It happens when certain brain cells that produce Dopamine stop working properly. 
Dopamine is a chemical that helps control smooth and coordinated movements.

Who gets Parkinson’s? 

•    Parkinsons can affect anyone 
•    It is more common in people over 50 
•    Slightly more common in men 
•    Most cases are not inherited (idiopathic) 
•    Around 1 in 500 people in the UK live with Parkinsons 

Common symptoms: 

Symptoms develop gradually and vary from person to person 

Movement symptoms 

  • Tremor (shaking) often starting in one hand 
  • Slowness of movement (bradykinesia) 
  • Muscle stiffness or rigidity 
  • Changes in walking (shuffling steps, reduced arm swing,       stoop) 
  • Balance problems (enhancing risk of falls) 

Non – movement symptoms 

  • Fatigue 
  • Anxiety and/or depression 
  • Memory or concentration difficulties 
  • Changes in speech (quiet voice) or handwriting 
  • Pain, constipation, urinary issues and dizziness (low blood pressure) 

How is Parkinson’s diagnosed? 

There is no single test to diagnose Parkinson’s. Diagnosis is usually made by: 

  • A neurologist or specialist 
  • Physical examination  
  • Response to Parkinson’s medication (commonly prescribed Co –Careldopa or Co-Benledopa) 
  • DAT scan (not routinely used) 

Treatment 

There is currently no cure for Parkinson’s, but treatment and medication can help manage symptoms effectively. 

Treatments options include: 

•    Medication (to replace or mimic Dopamine) 
•    Physiotherapy (for movement, balance and strength) 
•    Occupational therapy (daily activities and independence, equipment at home) 
•    Speech and language therapy 
•    Lifestyle support (exercise, diet and mental wellbeing) 
•    In some cases, surgery (e.g: Deep Brain Stimulation DBS) 

Living with Parkinson’s 

Many people with Parkinson's live full and active lives 

Helpful strategies: 

•    Regular exercise 
•    Staying socially connected 
•    Manage stress and well-being (Yoga, Tai Chi, mindfulness) 
•    Accepting support when needed 
•    Planning ahead, but focusing on quality of life 

Can I still drive once diagnosed with Parkinsons? 

Yes you can safely drive. However, you must inform DVLA of your diagnosis 
Your drivers license will be reviewed every 3 years and either your specialist nurse or Neurologist can completed this for you

Support and help 

You are not alone. Support is available for both people with Parkinson’s and their families and carers: 

UK Support: Parkinsons UK Website: www.parkinsons.org.uk 
Helpline: 0808 8000303 

They offer: 
•    Information and advice 
•    Local support groups 
•    Specialist Nurses 
•    Online resources 
•    Support with claiming benefits 

Contact your local Parkinsons Nurse: 
Karen Williams - Evphi Kalkantera - Andrew Houghton 
Tel: 0300 6147227             Email: neurocarenav@nhs.net 
 
When to seek medical advice 
•    When symptoms are worsening 
•    Medication is not working as well as expected 
•    New symptoms appear 
•    You are struggling emotionally or physically 

Remember …

Parkinson’s affects everyone differently; with the right care, support and treatment, many people continue to live meaningful and independent lives. 

Contact us

If you have any queries relating to this information, please contact the Neurology service.

About this information

Service:
Neurology

Reference:
K/001

Approval date:
28 January 2026

Review date:
1 January 2029

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This page provides general information only. It is developed by clinical staff and is reviewed regularly every 3 years for accuracy. For personal advice about your health, or if you have any concerns, please speak to your doctor.