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What are Fixed Orthodontic Appliances?
Fixed orthodontic appliances, also known as braces, are devices used by orthodontists to correct dental and jaw alignment issues. These appliances are "fixed" because they are attached to your teeth and cannot be removed by you. Braces are often used to straighten teeth, correct bite issues, and improve overall oral health and appearance.
Components of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances
- Brackets: Small metal pieces bonded to the front of each tooth. They hold the archwire in place.
- Archwire: A thin wire that runs through the brackets and applies pressure to guide your teeth into their correct positions.
- Ligatures: Small elastic bands or metal ties that secure the archwire to the brackets.
- Bands: Metal rings placed around the back teeth to help anchor the appliance.
- Elastics (Rubber Bands): These are sometimes used to apply additional force to correct bite problems.
Why Are Fixed Orthodontic Appliances Used?
Fixed orthodontic appliances are used to treat a variety of dental and jaw issues, including:
- Crooked or misaligned teeth
- Overbite (upper teeth overlap lower teeth)
- Underbite (lower teeth overlap upper teeth)
- Crossbite (teeth on one side of the mouth don’t line up properly)
- Open bite (upper and lower teeth don’t touch when biting)
- Spacing issues (too much space between teeth)
What to Expect During Treatment
- Initial Placement: The orthodontist will bond the brackets to your teeth and thread the archwire through the brackets. This may take up to 60 mins, and you may feel slight discomfort after the procedure. This is unlikely to last more than a day or two, and the recommended analgesics will help.
- Adjustments: Regular visits to the orthodontist (usually every 6-8 weeks) are required to adjust the archwire and apply any necessary changes. You may experience mild discomfort or pressure after adjustments.
- Duration of Treatment: Treatment can last from 18 months to 3 years, depending on the complexity of the case. The orthodontist will give you an estimated treatment timeline based on your specific needs.
How to Care for Fixed Orthodontic Appliances
Good oral hygiene is essential during orthodontic treatment. Braces can make brushing more challenging, but it is important to maintain a clean mouth to avoid tooth decay, gum disease, and staining. Follow these tips for proper care:
- Brush your teeth after every meal: Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste to clean your teeth and braces. Make sure to brush around the brackets and under the archwire.
- Fuse interdental brushes daily: Use interdental brushes (Tepes) to clean between your teeth.
- Use a fluoride rinse: This helps to protect your teeth from decay and keeps your gums healthy.
- Avoid certain foods: Some foods can damage your braces or get stuck in them, such as:
- Sticky or chewy foods (e.g., caramel, gum)
- Hard foods (e.g., nuts, hard candy)
- Crunchy foods (e.g., popcorn, ice)
- Sugary snacks and drinks
Try to remember to cut your food into smaller pieces than usual.
- Wear rubber bands as directed: If your orthodontist provides elastics or other accessories, wear them as prescribed to achieve the best results.
- Visit your orthodontist regularly: Follow-up visits are crucial to monitor progress and make necessary adjustments.
- Visit a dental hygienist regularly: It is highly recommended to see a dental hygienist every 3 months throughout active orthodontic treatment to help support good oral hygiene and gum health.
- Visit your family dentist regularly: This is important throughout orthodontic treatment to maintain your overall dental and gum health.
Common Discomforts
It is normal to experience some discomfort or soreness, especially after the appliance is first placed or after adjustments. Common symptoms include:
- Soreness in your teeth and gums: This can be alleviated with over-the-counter pain relievers (such as ibuprofen) and warm saltwater rinses.
- Irritation to the inside of your lips and cheeks: Sometimes the appliances may cause minor ulceration as the tissues settle, and the wax provided can act as a useful barrier.
Important Tips for Success
- Be patient: Orthodontic treatment takes time, but the end result is worth it.
- Keep up with appointments: Missing regular check ups can delay treatment progress.
- Follow instructions: Adhering to your orthodontist’s instructions regarding food choices, oral hygiene, and use of rubber bands will help achieve the best results.
- And remember: Patients who fail to look after their braces or teeth during treatment, may have to have their treatment terminated prior to completion under the guidance of the orthodontist.
When to Contact Your Orthodontist
Contact the Oral Surgery and Orthodontic Department on their direct line 0300 614 0240 if you experience:
- Severe pain that doesn’t go away with over-the-counter pain relief
- A broken or loose bracket, band, or wire that is causing discomfort
- Difficulty chewing or eating due to discomfort
- Any other issues affecting your treatment
Contact us
If you have any queries relating to this information, please contact the Oral and maxilofacial surgery service.
About this information
Service:
Oral and maxilofacial surgery
Reference:
M/016
Approval date:
13 January 2025
Review date:
1 January 2028
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Important note
This page provides general information only. It is developed by clinical staff and is reviewed regularly every 3 years for accuracy. For personal advice about your health, or if you have any concerns, please speak to your doctor.